„Artikel: Modernity“, in: Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, Vol. 2, New York: Macmillan, 2003, 579-582.
The terms modern and modernity have widely been used in the expression of two contrasting perspectives. They either (1) suggest that certain new habits, practices or world-views were inferior to those of ancient, medieval or classical times and origins; or (2) they claim the superiority of habits, practices, or world-views, ascribing a positive meaning to their being new, up to date, fashionable, progressive, evolutionarily successful.